تشخیص و اندازه‌گیری اسیدهای چرب در روغن‌های خوراکی و قنادی در شهر تبریز با استفاده از روش کروماتوگرافی گازی

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد سراب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سراب، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم و صنایع غذایی، واحد سراب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سراب، ایران

چکیده

تری‌گلیسیریدها فراوان‌ترین شکل ذخیره‌ای چربی در بدن انسان­ و گیاهان می­باشد و مهم‌ترین دسته از چربی­ها هستند که در رژیم غذایی وجود دارند. خواص فیزیکی و شیمیایی چربی­ها عمدتاً به نوع میزان اسید­های چرب تشکیل‌ دهنده آن­ها وابسته است. بنابراین به‌منظور ارزیابی کیفیت آن­ها میزان و نوع اسید­های چرب تشکیل ‌دهنده آن­ها باید مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. در این کار پژوهشی ترکیب تعدادی از اسید­های چرب در روغن‌های خوراکی و قنادی در شهر تبریز از نظر کمی و کیفی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. استخراج اسید‌های چرب میریستیک (C14)، پالمتیک (C16)، استئاریک (C18)، اولئیک (C18:1CIS)، الائیدیک (C18:1T)، لینولئیک (C18:2) و لینولنیک (C18:3) در ۶۰ نمونه روغن خوراکی و ۱۰ نمونه روغن مینارین به‌صورت هم­زمان و به‌روش مایع-مایع پخشی صورت گرفت و سپس آنالیز و جداسازی آنالیت‌ها با استفاده از روش GC-FID انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد ۱۶ نمونه (۸/۲۲ درصد) از روغن‌های آزمایش شده حاوی بیش از ۲ درصد اسید چرب ترانس (C 18:1 T) بودند که ۶ نمونه از آن در روغن‌های جامد و ۱۰ نمونه متعلق به روغن‌های قنادی بود. هم‌چنین مجموع اسیدهای چرب اشباع در ۱۴ نمونه (۲۰ درصد)، بالای ۳۰ درصد بود که از این تعداد ۴ نمونه متعلق به روغن‌های سرخ ‌کردنی و ۱۰ نمونه متعلق به روغن‌های قنادی بودند. در مجموع با توجه به استانداردهای ملی ایران ۲۷ نمونه روغن (۵/۳۸ درصد) غیرقابل مصرف تشخیص داده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and quantification of fatty acids in edible and confectionary oils in Tabriz by gas chromatography

نویسندگان [English]

  • JALIL KHANDAGHI 1
  • Farnoosh Saadlouy 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Sarab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarab, Iran
2 MSc Graduate of Food Science and Technology, Sarab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarab, Iran
چکیده [English]

Triglycerides are the most abundant form of fats in human bodies and plants. They are also the most important type of fats that are present in the diet. Physicochemical properties of the fats are dependent on the kinds and amount of fatty acids present in their structure. Therefore, to evaluate their quality, these two factors i.e. kind and amount of fatty acids have to be investigated. So in the present study, the fatty acids profile of some edible oils and confectionary oils (Minarines) were quantitatively and quantitatively investigated. In this study myristic acid (C14), palmitic acid (C16), stearic acid (C18), oleic acid (C18:1cis), elaidic acid (C18:1T), linoleic acid (C18:2) and linolenic acid (C18:3) were extracted simultaneously from 60 samples of edible oil and 10 samples of minarine oil, using liquid-liquid extraction followed by GC-FID procedure. The obtained results showed that 16 samples of the tested oil (22.8%) contained trans-fatty acids higher than 2% (w/w), of which 6 samples were hydrogenated oils and 10 samples were confectionary oils. Also, the sum of saturated fatty acids in 14 samples (20%) was over 30% of which 4 samples were frying oils and 10 samples were confectionary oils. Altogether, based on the regulations of the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, 27 samples (38.5%) were identified as not usable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Edible oil
  • Confectionary oil
  • fatty acid
  • liquid-liquid extraction
  • GC-FID

مراجع

 

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بهداشت مواد غذایی

دوره 8، 2 (30) تابستان
تابستان 1397
صفحه 45-53

فایل ها

اشتراک گذاری

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